Indlela abayenza ngayo izikhwama zamaphepha

Esikhathini lapho ukusimama nokuqina kwezemvelo sekuya ngokuya kubaluleke kakhulu, izikhwama zephepha ziveze njengenye indlela edumile ezikhwameni zepulasitiki zendabuko. Kepha wake wama wazibuza ukuthi lenziwa kanjani lezi zikhwama eziguquguqukayo nezinobungani? Kulesi sihloko esiphelele, sizokwelulwa kwinqubo eyingqayizivele yokwenzaIzikhwama zephepha, ukuhlola isinyathelo ngasinye kusuka ekufundeni okungavuthiwe kumkhiqizo wokugcina. Ngakho-ke, ake siqale lolu hambo oluhehayo ukuze uqondekanjaniIzikhwama zephepha.

Ukuqalisa

Isidingo seIzikhwama zephephaSekuvele eminyakeni yamuva nje, eqhutshwa ukuqwashisa ngokukhula komthelela omubi wezemvelo wamapulasitiki asetshenziswa ngakunye. Ngokungafani nezikhwama zepulasitiki, ezingathatha amakhulu eminyaka ukubola,Izikhwama zephephaAyi-Biodebradable, ebenza babe ukukhetha okuhle kwabathengi abazimisele ukunciphisa izintambo zabo zemvelo. Kepha yini ngempela engena ekwenziweni kwalezi zinto zansuku zonke? Ake sibheke.

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Uhambo lokudalaIzikhwama zephephaiqala ngokukhethwa kwezinto ezisezingeni eliphakeme. Isithako esiyinhloko esisetshenziselwa ukukhiqizwa kweIzikhwama zephephaIngabe uginindela wezinkuni, utholwe ezihlahleni ezinjengophayini, i-spruce ne-hemlock. Lezi zihlahla zivunwa kusuka emahlathini alawulwa ngendlela efanele ukuze aqinisekise ukuthi amanani awo agcwaliswa. Uma usuvuniwe, izinkuni zithuthelwa emaphaketheni lapho zithola izinqubo eziningana ukuze zikuguqule zibe ngephepha elisebenzisekayo.

2. Ukuphamba nokuqhuma (Izikhwama zephephaIsihlehlukene

Emaphasini ephepha, izinkuni zithotshiswe izingcezu ezincane bese zixutshwa namanzi ukwakha ama-slurry. Le ngxube ifudunyezwa futhi iphekiwe ukudiliza i-lignin, i-polymer eyinkimbinkimbi ehlanganisa imicu ye-cellulose ehlathini. Into ephumela yaziwa njenge-pulp. Ukufeza ubumsulwa obufunayo kanye nokukhanya okufisayo, i-pulp iba nenqubo yokufaka okubhidlikayo isebenzisa i-hydrogen peroxide noma amanye amakhemikhali. Lokhu akugcini nje ngokuthuthukisa ukubukeka komkhiqizo wokugcina kepha kuyasiza ukususa noma yikuphi ukungcola okungenzeka kube khona epulpini.

3. Ukwakheka kwamaphepha (Izikhwama zephephaIsihlehlukene

Lapho ipulpipu selilungisiwe, isatshalaliswa ebhelini le-mesh elishukumisayo, elivumela amanzi akhiphe, ashiye ngemuva kwesendlalelo semicu emincane. Le nhlangano icindezelwa futhi yomiswe ukwakha iphepha eliqhubekayo. Ubukhulu namandla ephepha kungashintshwa phakathi nalesi sigaba ukufeza izidingo ezithile zomkhiqizo wokuphela.

4. Ukusika nokugoqa (Izikhwama zephephaIsihlehlukene

Ngemuva kokuthi iphepha lakhiwe, linqunywa libe ngamashidi ngosayizi olifunayo nokwakheka kusetshenziswa imishini yokusika elula. Lawa mashidi abese esongelwa emigqeni ebekwe kusengaphambili ukudala ukwakheka okuyisisekelo kwesikhwama sephepha. Ngaphansi kwesikhwama kuvame ukuqiniswa ngezinhlobo ezingeziwe zephepha ukukhulisa amandla alo nokuqina, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi kungathwala imithwalo esindayo ngaphandle kokudwengula.

I-5Izikhwama zephephaIsihlehlukene

Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi isikhwama sephepha singabamba ukwakheka kwalo nokuqukethwe ngokuphephile, imiphetho yesikhwama ihlanganiswe ndawonye kusetshenziswa okushisayo okushisayo. Lokhu kwakha isibopho esiqinile esivimbela isikhwama ukuthi singawa phansi ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa. Ngokwengeziwe, phansi kwesikhwama kuvame ukubonwa ngaphakathi ukuze kwakhiwe ukubukeka okuqediwe nokuhlinzeka ngokuvikelwa okwengeziwe kokuqukethwe. Lesi sinyathelo sibalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukuthi lesi sikhwama sihlala siqinile futhi sisebenza kulo lonke impilo yaso.

6. Isinamathiseli (Izikhwama zephephaIsihlehlukene

Isinyathelo sokugcina kwinqubo sinamathisela izibambo esikhwameni sephepha. Lokhu kungenziwa kusetshenziswa izindlela ezahlukahlukene, njengezinceku, glue, noma ukubekwa uphawu kokushisa. Uhlobo lwesibambo olusetshenzisiwe luzoncika ezicini ezifana nokusetshenziswa okuhlosiwe kwesikhwama, usayizi waso, kanye nesisindo sokuqukethwe kwalo. Abanye abakhiqizi bakhetha izibambo ezifuywayo ezenziwe ngephepha elifanayo, kanti abanye basebenzisa izibambo ezisontekile ezenziwe ngemicu yemvelo yamandla angeziwe nokukhalaza ngobuhle.

Umthelela wezemvelo weIzikhwama zephepha

Esinye sezizathu eziphambili kunganiIzikhwama zephephaUye wathandwa kakhulu eminyakeni yamuva izinzuzo zabo zemvelo uma kuqhathaniswa nezikhwama zepulasitiki zendabuko. Ngokungafani nezikhwama zepulasitiki, ezingathatha amakhulu eminyaka ukubola,Izikhwama zephephaayi-biodegradable futhi ingadiliza ngokwemvelo kungakapheli amasonto noma izinyanga. Lokhu kubenza babe ukukhetha okuhle kwabathengi abafuna ukunciphisa izintambo zabo zemvelo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho,Izikhwama zephephazenziwa ngemithombo evuselelekayo, efana nezihlahla, okusho ukuthi abanasizathu ekunciphiseni kwezinsizakusebenza ezingavuselelwa njengamafutha noma igesi yemvelo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukukhiqizwa kweIzikhwama zephephaKudinga amandla amancane kunokukhiqizwa kwezikhwama zepulasitiki, kunciphisa futhi umthelela wawo wezemvelo jikelele.

Ukugcina

Ekuphetheni, ukwenzaIzikhwama zephephakuyinqubo eyinkimbinkimbi efaka izinyathelo eziningi, kusuka ekutholeni izinto zokusetshenziswa ukuze unamathisele izibambo. Kodwa-ke, naphezu kobunzima bawo, umphumela wokugcina uwumkhiqizo oguquguqukayo futhi onobungane obufanele obuhle kakhulu bokusebenzisa. NgokukhethaIzikhwama zephephaEmapulasitiki angaphezu kwepulasitiki, abathengi bangasiza ekunciphiseni umthelela wabo wezemvelo futhi bafake isandla ngekusasa elizinzile. Ngakho-ke ngokuzayo lapho ufinyelela esikhwameni sephepha esitolo, khumbula ukuthi benza kanjani izikhwama zamaphepha futhi bazizwe bemuhle ngokwenza umehluko omuhle emhlabeni.