Uneminyaka emingaki yokuthenga ugwayi?Ukuhlaziywa Okuphelele Kwemithetho Yomhlaba Wonke Yokubhema

Njengoba ulwazi ngempilo yomphakathi emazweni ahlukahlukene luqhubeka lukhula, umbuzo wokuthi “kusemthethweni ukuthenga ugwayi uneminyaka emingaki ubudala” uye waba yinto ebalulekile emphakathini kancane kancane. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kungokomthetho, ukuphathwa kwezempilo, noma izidingo ezingokoqobo njengokuhlala ngaphesheya kwemingcele, ukufunda kwamanye amazwe, noma ukuhamba, kubalulekile kakhulu ukuqonda imithethonqubo yeminyaka yokubhema yamazwe ahlukene.

Lesi sihloko sizohlaziya ngokuhlelekile isihloko esithi “isikhathi esisemthethweni sokuthenga ugwayi” kusukela ezintweni eziningi ezifana nomthetho, isizinda senhlalo, umehluko wesizwe, kanye nemikhuba yesikhathi esizayo, okuzokusiza ukuthi uqonde ngokugcwele imithetho efanele.

I. Kungani amazwe ebeka imingcele yobudala bokuthenga ugwayi?Uneminyaka emingaki yokuthenga ugwayi??

1. Ukubhema kunomthelela omkhulu empilweni yabantwana abancane

Ucwaningo lwezokwelapha lubonisa ukuthi ubusha buyisikhathi esibalulekile sokukhula ngokomzimba nangokwengqondo, futhi i-nicotine iyalutha kakhulu ohlelweni lwezinzwa. Uma umuntu esheshe atholakale kugwayi, amathuba okuba nomlutha wesikhathi eside ayoba aphezulu, futhi kuzokwandisa kakhulu ingozi yezifo zenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi kanye nokuphefumula.

2. Imikhawulo yobudala iyisici esibalulekile sezinqubomgomo zezempilo zomphakathi

Ukunciphisa iminyaka yokuthengisa ugwayi kungenye yezinyathelo ezibalulekile ezithathwa ohulumeni emhlabeni wonke ukwehlisa amazinga okubhema nokunciphisa umthwalo ekunakekelweni kwezokwelapha. Uma kuqhathaniswa nokukhuthaza ukuyeka ukubhema, imikhawulo yezomthetho iphoqelekile kakhulu futhi inomphumela wesikhathi eside ezingeni lokuphoqelela.

3. Vimbela imboni kagwayi ekubangeleni intsha

Ngokukhawulela iminyaka yokuthenga, ngezinga elithile kungavimbela ukuthintana ngqo kwemikhiqizo kagwayi neqembu labangaphansi kweminyaka futhi kunciphise amathuba “okubhema okulingwayo”.

Ii.Uneminyaka emingaki yokuthenga ugwayi??Isikhathi sokubhema esisemthethweni emazweni amakhulu nasezifundeni emhlabeni jikelele

1. E-United States, iminyaka engu-21 ubudala isibe yindinganiso kazwelonke efanayo

Ushintsho oluvela eminyakeni eyi-18 kuya kwengama-21 ubudala

I-United States ibilokhu isebenzisa inqubomgomo evumela ukuthengwa ngokusemthethweni kogwayi lapho ineminyaka engu-18. Kodwa-ke, kusukela ngo-2019, umthetho kahulumeni uphakamise ngokusemthethweni iminyaka yokuthenga imikhiqizo kagwayi (kufaka phakathi ugwayi kagesi) yaba ngu-21. Le nqubomgomo ibizwa ngokuthi “ugwayi 21”.

Ukuqina kokuphoqelelwa kanye nezinyathelo zesijeziso

Abathengisi kumele baqinisekise amadokhumenti abo omazisi. Uma sebephule imithetho yokuthengisa, bazobhekana nezinhlawulo ezinkulu, ukuhoxiswa kwelayisensi kanye nezinye izinhlawulo.

2. IShayina: iminyaka engu-18 iwubudala obuncane obusemthethweni

Izinhlinzeko Zezomthetho Nokusetshenziswa Kwangempela

Ngokwemithetho nemigomo efanele eShayina, akuvunyelwe ngabantu abangaphansi kweminyaka engu-18 ukuthenga nokubhema ugwayi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, abathengisi abavunyelwe ukuthengisela izingane imikhiqizo kagwayi.

Izinselele zamanje

Kwezinye izindawo, ukuqinisekiswa kobunikazi akukaqini ngokwanele, futhi isimo sokuchayeka kwezingane kugwayi asikaqedwa ngokuphelele. Lesi futhi isiqondiso esidinga ukuqiniswa njalo ekuqondisweni kwesikhathi esizayo.

3. Amazwe aseYurophu: Izindinganiso ziyafana kodwa imininingwane iyahlukahluka

Emazweni amaningi, ineminyaka engu-18 ubudala

Amazwe afana ne-United Kingdom, iFrance, iJalimane neSpain wonke abeke iminyaka esemthethweni yokuthenga ugwayi eneminyaka engu-18.

Ukuphathwa kwezimo zokuthengisa kuqinile kakhulu

EYurophu, imishini yokuthengisa ugwayi ngokuzenzakalelayo ivame ukudinga ikhadi le-ID noma ukuqinisekiswa kwekhadi lasebhange, okuthuthukisa kakhulu umphumela wokusetshenziswa.

4. Imithethonqubo yamanye amazwe ase-Asia

IJapani kanye neNingizimu Korea

IJapane: iminyaka engu-20 ubudala

INingizimu Korea: iminyaka engu-19 ubudala

Izindinganiso zeminyaka zala mazwe zihlobene kakhulu "neminyaka yobudala" bawo.

INingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia

Kwamanye amazwe, imithetho ibekwe ngokucacile, kodwa ukuphoqelelwa kwayo kuyahlukahluka. Izivakashi kufanele zinake kakhulu imithetho yendawo.

Iii. Ingabe ugwayi kagesi usebenzisa umkhawulo weminyaka ofanayo?Uneminyaka emingaki yokuthenga ugwayi??

1. Ugwayi we-elekthronikhi awuyona "imikhiqizo eyingqayizivele"

Abantu abaningi bakholelwa ngephutha ukuthi ugwayi kagesi awuwona owogwayi wendabuko ngakho-ke awukho ngaphansi kwemingcele yobudala. Eqinisweni, emazweni amaningi nasezifundeni eziningi, ugwayi kagesi ufakwe ohlelweni lokuphathwa komkhiqizo kagwayi noma we-nicotine.

2. Imikhuba yokulawula ugwayi kagesi emazweni ahlukahlukene

Inomkhawulo weminyaka ofanayo nogwayi wendabuko

Amanye amazwe avimbele ngokuphelele ukuthengiswa kwe-e-cigarettes

Beka imikhawulo eyengeziwe ekunambithekeni nasezikhangisweni

Umkhuba uwukuthi imithethonqubo izoqina kakhulu kunokuba ibe lukhuni kakhulu.

Iv. Yimiphi imiphumela eyoba khona uma umuntu ephula umkhawulo weminyaka?Uneminyaka emingaki yokuthenga ugwayi??

1. Isibopho esisemthethweni kubathengisi

Kuhle

Hlukanisa ilayisensi yebhizinisi

Faka phakathi kwerekhodi lemisebenzi yebhizinisi engemihle

2. Umthelela kubantwana abancane

Nakuba amazwe amaningi engabajezisi ngokuqondile abantwana abangaphansi kweminyaka yobudala, lokhu kungase kuhilele:

Isenzo sokujezisa esikoleni

Ukungenelela komndeni kanye nomphakathi

Izifundo zemfundo yezempilo eziphoqelekile

V.Uneminyaka emingaki yokuthenga ugwayi?Kungani isikhathi sokubhema singase siqhubeke sikhuphuka esikhathini esizayo?

1. Umkhuba womhlaba wonke wokulawula ugwayi usobala

Emhlabeni wonke, izinga lokubhema liyehla kancane kancane, futhi ukukhulisa iminyaka yokuthenga kubhekwa njengesu lokulawula ugwayi “elingabizi kakhulu”.

2. Ukusebenza kahle kwezinqubomgomo zokusekela idatha

Izifundo eziningi zikhombisile ukuthi ukukhuphula iminyaka yokubhema ibe ngu-21 kunganciphisa kakhulu inani lentsha eqala ukuchayeka kugwayi.

3. Ukucatshangelwa kwesikhathi eside kwezindleko zempilo zomphakathi

Ukunciphisa inani lababhemayo kusho ukwehla kwezindleko zezempilo zomphakathi kanye nekhwalithi ephezulu yempilo yabantu.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa (Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa)

Uma kusemthethweni kwelinye izwe, ingabe kusemthethweni nakwelinye?

Akunjalo ngempela. Imithetho yezwe ngalinye iqala ukusebenza ngokuzimela, futhi imithetho yendawo kumele ilandelwe lapho uhamba weqa imingcele.

Ingabe kusemthethweni ukuthi umngane akuthengele ugwayi?

Emazweni amaningi, ukuthenga ugwayi egameni lezingane nakho kuyisenzo esingekho emthethweni.

Ingabe kukhona umkhawulo weminyaka yokuthenga ugwayi ku-inthanethi?

Yebo. Amapulatifomu asemthethweni ngokuvamile adinga ukuqinisekiswa kwegama langempela, futhi ukuthengwa kwamanye amazwe nakho kuhilela amasiko kanye nezingozi zomthetho zendawo.

Isiphetho:

Ukuqonda imithetho kuyisibopho kuwe kanye nomphakathi
Umbuzo othi “Umuntu udinga ukuthenga ugwayi eneminyaka emingaki?” awuyona nje indaba elula yezinombolo, kodwa ubonisa ngokuphelele umthetho, impilo kanye nomthwalo wemfanelo emphakathini. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uyabhema noma cha, ukuqonda imithetho efanele kanye nokugcina imingcele yezomthetho kuyizimfanelo eziyisisekelo okufanele izakhamuzi emphakathini wanamuhla zibe nazo.

Esikhathini esizayo, njengoba izinqubomgomo zokulawula ugwayi emhlabeni wonke ziqhubeka nokuthuthukiswa, izingxoxo mayelana nesikhathi sokubhema zizoqhubeka. Ukugcina ukunaka nokubuka ngendlela enengqondo kuyisimo sengqondo esifanele.

Amathegi: #ugwayi #ibhokisi likagwayi #ibhokisi likagwayi elenziwe ngokwezifiso