Izexwayiso Zempilo Kagwayi
UMthetho Wokuvimbela Ukubhema Komndeni Nokulawula Ugwayi (i-TCA) unikeze i-FDA igunya elisha elibalulekile lokulawula ukukhiqizwa, ukumaketha, kanye nokusatshalaliswa kwemikhiqizo kagwayi. I-TCA iphinde yashintsha iSigaba 4 soMthetho Wokuphawulwa Nokukhangisa Kwe-Federal Cigarette (i-FCLAA), iqondisa i-FDA ukuthi ikhiphe imithetho edinga imidwebo yombala eveza imiphumela emibi yezempilo yokubhema ukuze ihambisane nezitatimende ezintsha zesixwayiso sombhalo. I-TCA ilungisa i-FCLAA ukuze idinge ukuthi ngayinyeiphakethe likagwayikanye nesikhangiso esizoletha esinye sezixwayiso ezintsha ezidingekayo.
NgoMashi 2020, i-FDA yaphothula "Izexwayiso Ezidingekayo ze-"Amaphakheji Kagwayikanye nomthetho we-Advertising”, osungula izixwayiso ezintsha ezingu-11 zezempilo kagwayi, eziqukethe izitatimende zesixwayiso zombhalo ezihambisana nemidwebo yemibala, ngesimo sezithombe ezivumelanayo ze-photorealistic, ezibonisa imiphumela emibi yezempilo yokubhema ugwayi. Lezi zixwayiso ezintsha ezidingekayo zibonisa ezinye zezingozi zempilo ezingaziwa kangako, kodwa ezinkulu zokubhema.
I-FDA iphinde yashicilela "Izixwayiso Ezidingekayo ze-"Amaphakheji Kagwayikanye Nezikhangiso – Umhlahlandlela Wokuthobela Imithetho Yezinkampani Ezincane” ukusiza amabhizinisi amancane ukuqonda nokuthobela umthetho wokugcina.
Isimo Samanje Somthetho Wokugcina
Ngomhlaka-7 Disemba 2022, iNkantolo Yesifunda sase-US yeSifunda saseMpumalanga saseTexas yakhipha umyalelo ecaleni lika-RJ Reynolds Tobacco Co. et al. v. United States Food and Drug Administration et al., No. 6:20-cv-00176, ikhipha “Izexwayiso Ezidingekayo ze-Amaphakheji Kagwayikanye nezikhangiso” umthetho wokugcina. NgoMashi 21, 2024, iNkantolo Yokudlulisa Amacala yase-US yeSifunda Sesihlanu yakhipha umbono oguqula iNkantolo Yesifunda futhi yaphetha ngokuthi umthetho we-FDA uyahambisana neSichibiyelo Sokuqala. Umbono wabuyisela icala eNkantolo Yesifunda ukuze kucatshangelwe izimangalo ezisele zabamangali. Abamangali bafaka isicelo sokukhululwa okwesikhashana ezimangalweni ezibuyiselwe emuva. NgoJanuwari 14, 2025, iNkantolo Yesifunda yafaka umyalelo wokuqala futhi yahlehlisa usuku lokusebenza komthetho kuze kube yilapho kufakwa isinqumo sokugcina ecaleni.
Isiqondiso Semboni
NgoSepthemba 12, 2024, i-FDA yakhipha isiqondiso embonini esichaza inqubomgomo yokuphoqelela yenhlangano yomthetho wokugcina. Kodwa-ke, muva nje, iNkantolo Yesifunda yayala i-FDA ukuthi ingayisebenzisi le mithetho futhi yahlehlisa usuku lokusebenza kwalo mthetho kuze kube yilapho kufakwa isinqumo sokugcina ecaleni.
Izexwayiso Ezidingekayo ze-Amaphakheji Kagwayikanye Nezikhangiso
Usayizi nendawo – Isixwayiso esidingekayo kumele sibe okungenani amaphesenti angama-50 aphezulu amaphaneli angaphambili nangemuva ephakethe likagwayi (okungukuthi, izinhlangothi ezimbili ezinkulu noma izindawo zephakethe).
Kumabhokisi kagwayi, izexwayiso ezidingekayo kumele zibe ngakwesokunxele kwamaphaneli angaphambili nangemuva ebhokisi futhi kumele zibe okungenani amaphesenti angama-50 angakwesokunxele ala maphaneli. Izexwayiso ezidingekayo kumele zivele ngqo ephaketheni futhi kumele zibonakale ngokucacile ngaphansi kwanoma iyiphi i-cellophane noma enye into ecacile yokusonga.
Ukuqondiswa – Isexwayiso esidingekayo kumele sibekwe ngendlela yokuthi umbhalo wesixwayiso esidingekayo kanye nolunye ulwazi olukulelo phaneli lephakheji kube nokuqondiswa okufanayo.
Isibonelo, uma iphaneli engaphambili ye-iphakethe likagwayiiqukethe ulwazi, njengegama lomkhiqizo kagwayi, kusukela kwesobunxele kuya kwesokudla, isixwayiso esidingekayo, okuhlanganisa nesitatimende sesixwayiso sombhalo, kumele sivele futhi kusukela kwesobunxele kuya kwesokudla.
Ukuboniswa nokusatshalaliswa okungahleliwe nokulinganayo – Zonke izexwayiso ezingu-11 ezidingekayo zamaphakheji kumele ziboniswe ngokungahleliwe esikhathini ngasinye sezinyanga ezingu-12, ngezikhathi ezilinganayo ngangokunokwenzeka kumkhiqizo ngamunye womkhiqizo futhi kumele zisatshalaliswe ngokungahleliwe kuzo zonke izindawo zase-United States lapho umkhiqizo uthengiswa khona, ngokuhambisana nohlelo lukagwayi oluvunyiwe yi-FDA.
Izexwayiso ezingenakusulwa noma ezihlala njalo – Izexwayiso ezidingekayo kumele ziphrintwe ngokungenakusulwa noma zinamathiselwe unomphela ku-iphakethe likagwayi.
Isibonelo, lezi zixwayiso ezidingekayo akumele ziphrintwe noma zibekwe kulebula enamathiselwe ephepheni elingaphandle elicacile okungenzeka lisuswe ukuze kufinyelelwe umkhiqizo ngaphakathi kwephakheji.
Izikhangiso Zikagwayi (Amaphakheji Kagwayi）
Usayizi nendawo – Ezikhangisweni eziphrintiwe kanye nezinye izikhangiso ezinesici esibonakalayo (kufaka phakathi, isibonelo, izikhangiso ezibonisweni, ezikhangisweni zokuthengisa, amakhasi ewebhu e-inthanethi, amakhasi ewebhu ezinkundla zokuxhumana, amapulatifomu edijithali, izinhlelo zokusebenza zeselula, kanye nokuxhumana nge-imeyili), isexwayiso esidingekayo kumele sivele ngqo esikhangisweni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izexwayiso ezidingekayo kumele zibe okungenani amaphesenti angama-20 endawo yesikhangiso ngendlela ecacile nevelele kanye nendawo phezulu kwesikhangiso ngasinye ngaphakathi kwendawo yokusika, uma ikhona.
Ukushintshanisa – Izexwayiso ezingu-11 ezidingekayo kumele zijikeleziswe njalo ngekota, ngokulandelana okushintshanayo, ezikhangisweni zohlobo ngalunye lukagwayi, ngokuhambisana nohlelo lukagwayi oluvunyiwe yi-FDA.
Izixwayiso ezingenakusulwa noma ezihlala njalo – Izixwayiso ezidingekayo kumele ziphrintwe ngokungenakusulwa noma zinamathiselwe unomphela esikhangisweni sikagwayi.
Izinhlelo Zokubhema Zezixwayiso Ezidingekayo
Isigaba 4 se-FCLAA, njengoba sichitshiyelwe yi-TCA, kanye nomthetho wokugcina sidinga abakhiqizi, abasabalalisi, kanye nabathengisi bogwayi ukuthi bathumele uhlelo lokuboniswa nokusatshalaliswa okungahleliwe nangokulinganayo kwezixwayiso ezidingekayo emaphaketheni kagwayi kanye nokushintshaniswa kwezixwayiso ezidingekayo njalo ngekota ezikhangisweni zikagwayi, kanye nokuthola imvume ye-FDA yezinhlelo zabo ngaphambi kokuba imikhiqizo edingekayo ukuze ithwale lezo zixwayiso ingene emakethe.
I-FDA ikhiphe "Ukuhanjiswa Kwezinhlelo ze-"Amaphakheji Kagwayikanye nesiqondiso sezikhangiso zikagwayi (ezibuyekeziwe)” ukusiza labo abathumela izinhlelo zikagwayiamaphakheji kagwayikanye nezikhangiso.
Isidingo sokulethwa kwezinhlelo zokubhema ze-amaphakheji kagwayikanye nezikhangiso, kanye nezidingo ezithile eziphathelene nokuboniswa okungahleliwe nokulinganayo kanye nokusatshalaliswa kwezixwayiso ezidingekayo emaphaketheni kagwayi kanye nokushintshaniswa kwekota kwezixwayiso ezidingekayo ekukhangiseni kukagwayi, kuvela eSigabeni 4(c) se-FCLAA kanye no-21 CFR 1141.10.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Feb-27-2025